Why We used areas in OSPF routing protocol?

To reduce the SPF calculations, link-state routing protocols can partition networks into sub-domains called areas.
 In small networks, the web of router links is not complex, and paths to individual destinations are easily deduced. However, in large networks, the resulting web is highly complex, and the number of potential paths to each destination is large. Therefore, the SPF calculations comparing all these possible routes can be very complex and can take significant time. The CPU and memory resources on an OSPF router can also be overburdened in a heavily populated OSPF network.

For Further Reading,

General, Networking, Technology

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